application.c

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/*
 * Copyright (c) 2017-2019 Cisco and/or its affiliates.
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at:
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

#include <vnet/session/application.h>
#include <vnet/session/application_interface.h>
#include <vnet/session/application_namespace.h>
#include <vnet/session/application_local.h>
#include <vnet/session/session.h>

static app_main_t app_main;

#define app_interface_check_thread_and_barrier(_fn, _arg)               \
  if (PREDICT_FALSE (!vlib_thread_is_main_w_barrier ()))                \
    {                                                                   \
      vlib_rpc_call_main_thread (_fn, (u8 *) _arg, sizeof(*_arg));      \
      return 0;                                                         \
    }

static app_listener_t *
app_listener_alloc (application_t * app)
{
  app_listener_t *app_listener;
  pool_get (app->listeners, app_listener);
  clib_memset (app_listener, 0, sizeof (*app_listener));
  app_listener->al_index = app_listener - app->listeners;
  app_listener->app_index = app->app_index;
  app_listener->session_index = SESSION_INVALID_INDEX;
  app_listener->local_index = SESSION_INVALID_INDEX;
  return app_listener;
}

app_listener_t *
app_listener_get (application_t * app, u32 app_listener_index)
{
  return pool_elt_at_index (app->listeners, app_listener_index);
}

static app_listener_t *
app_listener_get_if_valid (application_t * app, u32 app_listener_index)
{
  if (pool_is_free_index (app->listeners, app_listener_index))
    return 0;
  return pool_elt_at_index (app->listeners, app_listener_index);
}

static void
app_listener_free (application_t * app, app_listener_t * app_listener)
{
  clib_bitmap_free (app_listener->workers);
  pool_put (app->listeners, app_listener);
  if (CLIB_DEBUG)
    clib_memset (app_listener, 0xfa, sizeof (*app_listener));
}

static u32
app_listener_id (app_listener_t * al)
{
  ASSERT (al->app_index < 1 << 16 && al->al_index < 1 << 16);
  return (al->app_index << 16 | al->al_index);
}

session_handle_t
app_listener_handle (app_listener_t * al)
{
  return ((u64) SESSION_LISTENER_PREFIX << 32 | (u64) app_listener_id (al));
}

static void
app_listener_id_parse (u32 listener_id, u32 * app_index,
                       u32 * app_listener_index)
{
  *app_index = listener_id >> 16;
  *app_listener_index = listener_id & 0xFFFF;
}

void
app_listener_handle_parse (session_handle_t handle, u32 * app_index,
                           u32 * app_listener_index)
{
  app_listener_id_parse (handle & 0xFFFFFFFF, app_index, app_listener_index);
}

static app_listener_t *
app_listener_get_w_id (u32 listener_id)
{
  u32 app_index, app_listener_index;
  application_t *app;

  app_listener_id_parse (listener_id, &app_index, &app_listener_index);
  app = application_get_if_valid (app_index);
  if (!app)
    return 0;
  return app_listener_get_if_valid (app, app_listener_index);
}

app_listener_t *
app_listener_get_w_session (session_t * ls)
{
  application_t *app;

  app = application_get_if_valid (ls->app_index);
  if (!app)
    return 0;
  return app_listener_get (app, ls->al_index);
}

app_listener_t *
app_listener_get_w_handle (session_handle_t handle)
{

  if (handle >> 32 != SESSION_LISTENER_PREFIX)
    return 0;

  return app_listener_get_w_id (handle & 0xFFFFFFFF);
}

app_listener_t *
app_listener_lookup (application_t * app, session_endpoint_cfg_t * sep_ext)
{
  u32 table_index, fib_proto;
  session_endpoint_t *sep;
  session_handle_t handle;
  session_t *ls;

  sep = (session_endpoint_t *) sep_ext;
  if (application_has_local_scope (app) && session_endpoint_is_local (sep))
    {
      table_index = application_local_session_table (app);
      handle = session_lookup_endpoint_listener (table_index, sep, 1);
      if (handle != SESSION_INVALID_HANDLE)
        {
          ls = listen_session_get_from_handle (handle);
          return app_listener_get_w_session (ls);
        }
    }

  fib_proto = session_endpoint_fib_proto (sep);
  table_index = application_session_table (app, fib_proto);
  handle = session_lookup_endpoint_listener (table_index, sep, 1);
  if (handle != SESSION_INVALID_HANDLE)
    {
      ls = listen_session_get_from_handle (handle);
      return app_listener_get_w_session ((session_t *) ls);
    }

  return 0;
}

int
app_listener_alloc_and_init (application_t * app,
                             session_endpoint_cfg_t * sep,
                             app_listener_t ** listener)
{
  app_listener_t *app_listener;
  transport_connection_t *tc;
  session_handle_t lh;
  session_type_t st;
  session_t *ls = 0;
  u32 al_index;
  int rv;

  app_listener = app_listener_alloc (app);
  al_index = app_listener->al_index;
  st = session_type_from_proto_and_ip (sep->transport_proto, sep->is_ip4);

  /*
   * Add session endpoint to local session table. Only binds to "inaddr_any"
   * (i.e., zero address) are added to local scope table.
   */
  if (application_has_local_scope (app)
      && session_endpoint_is_local ((session_endpoint_t *) sep))
    {
      session_type_t local_st;
      u32 table_index;

      local_st = session_type_from_proto_and_ip (TRANSPORT_PROTO_NONE,
                                                 sep->is_ip4);
      ls = listen_session_alloc (0, local_st);
      ls->app_index = app->app_index;
      ls->app_wrk_index = sep->app_wrk_index;
      lh = session_handle (ls);

      if ((rv = session_listen (ls, sep)))
        {
          ls = session_get_from_handle (lh);
          session_free (ls);
          return rv;
        }

      ls = session_get_from_handle (lh);
      app_listener = app_listener_get (app, al_index);
      app_listener->local_index = ls->session_index;
      ls->al_index = al_index;

      table_index = application_local_session_table (app);
      session_lookup_add_session_endpoint (table_index,
                                           (session_endpoint_t *) sep, lh);
    }

  if (application_has_global_scope (app))
    {
      /*
       * Start listening on local endpoint for requested transport and scope.
       * Creates a stream session with state LISTENING to be used in session
       * lookups, prior to establishing connection. Requests transport to
       * build it's own specific listening connection.
       */
      ls = listen_session_alloc (0, st);
      ls->app_index = app->app_index;
      ls->app_wrk_index = sep->app_wrk_index;

      /* Listen pool can be reallocated if the transport is
       * recursive (tls) */
      lh = listen_session_get_handle (ls);

      if ((rv = session_listen (ls, sep)))
        {
          ls = listen_session_get_from_handle (lh);
          session_free (ls);
          return rv;
        }
      ls = listen_session_get_from_handle (lh);
      app_listener = app_listener_get (app, al_index);
      app_listener->session_index = ls->session_index;
      ls->al_index = al_index;

      /* Add to the global lookup table after transport was initialized.
       * Lookup table needs to be populated only now because sessions
       * with cut-through transport are are added to app local tables that
       * are not related to network fibs, i.e., cannot be added as
       * connections */
      tc = session_get_transport (ls);
      session_lookup_add_connection (tc, lh);
    }

  if (!ls)
    {
      app_listener_free (app, app_listener);
      return -1;
    }

  *listener = app_listener;
  return 0;
}

void
app_listener_cleanup (app_listener_t * al)
{
  application_t *app = application_get (al->app_index);
  session_t *ls;

  if (al->session_index != SESSION_INVALID_INDEX)
    {
      ls = session_get (al->session_index, 0);
      session_stop_listen (ls);
      listen_session_free (ls);
    }
  if (al->local_index != SESSION_INVALID_INDEX)
    {
      session_endpoint_t sep = SESSION_ENDPOINT_NULL;
      u32 table_index;

      table_index = application_local_session_table (app);
      ls = listen_session_get (al->local_index);
      ct_session_endpoint (ls, &sep);
      session_lookup_del_session_endpoint (table_index, &sep);
      session_stop_listen (ls);
      listen_session_free (ls);
    }
  app_listener_free (app, al);
}

static app_worker_t *
app_listener_select_worker (application_t * app, app_listener_t * al)
{
  u32 wrk_index;

  app = application_get (al->app_index);
  wrk_index = clib_bitmap_next_set (al->workers, al->accept_rotor + 1);
  if (wrk_index == ~0)
    wrk_index = clib_bitmap_first_set (al->workers);

  ASSERT (wrk_index != ~0);
  al->accept_rotor = wrk_index;
  return application_get_worker (app, wrk_index);
}

session_t *
app_listener_get_session (app_listener_t * al)
{
  if (al->session_index == SESSION_INVALID_INDEX)
    return 0;

  return listen_session_get (al->session_index);
}

session_t *
app_listener_get_local_session (app_listener_t * al)
{
  if (al->local_index == SESSION_INVALID_INDEX)
    return 0;
  return listen_session_get (al->local_index);
}

static app_worker_map_t *
app_worker_map_alloc (application_t * app)
{
  app_worker_map_t *map;
  pool_get (app->worker_maps, map);
  clib_memset (map, 0, sizeof (*map));
  return map;
}

static u32
app_worker_map_index (application_t * app, app_worker_map_t * map)
{
  return (map - app->worker_maps);
}

static void
app_worker_map_free (application_t * app, app_worker_map_t * map)
{
  pool_put (app->worker_maps, map);
}

static app_worker_map_t *
app_worker_map_get (application_t * app, u32 map_index)
{
  if (pool_is_free_index (app->worker_maps, map_index))
    return 0;
  return pool_elt_at_index (app->worker_maps, map_index);
}

static const u8 *
app_get_name (application_t * app)
{
  return app->name;
}

u32
application_session_table (application_t * app, u8 fib_proto)
{
  app_namespace_t *app_ns;
  app_ns = app_namespace_get (app->ns_index);
  if (!application_has_global_scope (app))
    return APP_INVALID_INDEX;
  if (fib_proto == FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4)
    return session_lookup_get_index_for_fib (fib_proto,
                                             app_ns->ip4_fib_index);
  else
    return session_lookup_get_index_for_fib (fib_proto,
                                             app_ns->ip6_fib_index);
}

u32
application_local_session_table (application_t * app)
{
  app_namespace_t *app_ns;
  if (!application_has_local_scope (app))
    return APP_INVALID_INDEX;
  app_ns = app_namespace_get (app->ns_index);
  return app_ns->local_table_index;
}

/**
 * Returns app name for app-index
 */
const u8 *
application_name_from_index (u32 app_index)
{
  application_t *app = application_get (app_index);
  if (!app)
    return 0;
  return app_get_name (app);
}

static void
application_api_table_add (u32 app_index, u32 api_client_index)
{
  if (api_client_index != APP_INVALID_INDEX)
    hash_set (app_main.app_by_api_client_index, api_client_index, app_index);
}

static void
application_api_table_del (u32 api_client_index)
{
  hash_unset (app_main.app_by_api_client_index, api_client_index);
}

static void
application_name_table_add (application_t * app)
{
  hash_set_mem (app_main.app_by_name, app->name, app->app_index);
}

static void
application_name_table_del (application_t * app)
{
  hash_unset_mem (app_main.app_by_name, app->name);
}

application_t *
application_lookup (u32 api_client_index)
{
  uword *p;
  p = hash_get (app_main.app_by_api_client_index, api_client_index);
  if (p)
    return application_get_if_valid (p[0]);

  return 0;
}

application_t *
application_lookup_name (const u8 * name)
{
  uword *p;
  p = hash_get_mem (app_main.app_by_name, name);
  if (p)
    return application_get (p[0]);

  return 0;
}

static application_t *
application_alloc (void)
{
  application_t *app;
  pool_get (app_main.app_pool, app);
  clib_memset (app, 0, sizeof (*app));
  app->app_index = app - app_main.app_pool;
  return app;
}

application_t *
application_get (u32 app_index)
{
  if (app_index == APP_INVALID_INDEX)
    return 0;
  return pool_elt_at_index (app_main.app_pool, app_index);
}

application_t *
application_get_if_valid (u32 app_index)
{
  if (pool_is_free_index (app_main.app_pool, app_index))
    return 0;

  return pool_elt_at_index (app_main.app_pool, app_index);
}

static void
application_verify_cb_fns (session_cb_vft_t * cb_fns)
{
  if (cb_fns->session_accept_callback == 0)
    clib_warning ("No accept callback function provided");
  if (cb_fns->session_connected_callback == 0)
    clib_warning ("No session connected callback function provided");
  if (cb_fns->session_disconnect_callback == 0)
    clib_warning ("No session disconnect callback function provided");
  if (cb_fns->session_reset_callback == 0)
    clib_warning ("No session reset callback function provided");
}

/**
 * Check app config for given segment type
 *
 * Returns 1 on success and 0 otherwise
 */
static u8
application_verify_cfg (ssvm_segment_type_t st)
{
  u8 is_valid;
  if (st == SSVM_SEGMENT_MEMFD)
    {
      is_valid = (session_main_get_evt_q_segment () != 0);
      if (!is_valid)
        clib_warning ("memfd seg: vpp's event qs IN binary api svm region");
      return is_valid;
    }
  else if (st == SSVM_SEGMENT_SHM)
    {
      is_valid = (session_main_get_evt_q_segment () == 0);
      if (!is_valid)
        clib_warning ("shm seg: vpp's event qs NOT IN binary api svm region");
      return is_valid;
    }
  else
    return 1;
}

static int
application_alloc_and_init (app_init_args_t * a)
{
  ssvm_segment_type_t seg_type = SSVM_SEGMENT_MEMFD;
  segment_manager_properties_t *props;
  vl_api_registration_t *reg;
  application_t *app;
  u64 *options;

  app = application_alloc ();
  options = a->options;
  /*
   * Make sure we support the requested configuration
   */
  if (!(options[APP_OPTIONS_FLAGS] & APP_OPTIONS_FLAGS_IS_BUILTIN))
    {
      reg = vl_api_client_index_to_registration (a->api_client_index);
      if (!reg)
        return VNET_API_ERROR_APP_UNSUPPORTED_CFG;
      if (vl_api_registration_file_index (reg) == VL_API_INVALID_FI)
        seg_type = SSVM_SEGMENT_SHM;
    }
  else
    {
      seg_type = SSVM_SEGMENT_PRIVATE;
    }

  if ((options[APP_OPTIONS_FLAGS] & APP_OPTIONS_FLAGS_EVT_MQ_USE_EVENTFD)
      && seg_type != SSVM_SEGMENT_MEMFD)
    {
      clib_warning ("mq eventfds can only be used if socket transport is "
                    "used for binary api");
      return VNET_API_ERROR_APP_UNSUPPORTED_CFG;
    }

  if (!application_verify_cfg (seg_type))
    return VNET_API_ERROR_APP_UNSUPPORTED_CFG;

  /* Check that the obvious things are properly set up */
  application_verify_cb_fns (a->session_cb_vft);

  app->flags = options[APP_OPTIONS_FLAGS];
  app->cb_fns = *a->session_cb_vft;
  app->ns_index = options[APP_OPTIONS_NAMESPACE];
  app->proxied_transports = options[APP_OPTIONS_PROXY_TRANSPORT];
  app->name = vec_dup (a->name);

  /* If no scope enabled, default to global */
  if (!application_has_global_scope (app)
      && !application_has_local_scope (app))
    app->flags |= APP_OPTIONS_FLAGS_USE_GLOBAL_SCOPE;

  props = application_segment_manager_properties (app);
  segment_manager_properties_init (props);
  props->segment_size = options[APP_OPTIONS_SEGMENT_SIZE];
  props->prealloc_fifos = options[APP_OPTIONS_PREALLOC_FIFO_PAIRS];
  if (options[APP_OPTIONS_ADD_SEGMENT_SIZE])
    {
      props->add_segment_size = options[APP_OPTIONS_ADD_SEGMENT_SIZE];
      props->add_segment = 1;
    }
  if (options[APP_OPTIONS_RX_FIFO_SIZE])
    props->rx_fifo_size = options[APP_OPTIONS_RX_FIFO_SIZE];
  if (options[APP_OPTIONS_TX_FIFO_SIZE])
    props->tx_fifo_size = options[APP_OPTIONS_TX_FIFO_SIZE];
  if (options[APP_OPTIONS_EVT_QUEUE_SIZE])
    props->evt_q_size = options[APP_OPTIONS_EVT_QUEUE_SIZE];
  if (options[APP_OPTIONS_FLAGS] & APP_OPTIONS_FLAGS_EVT_MQ_USE_EVENTFD)
    props->use_mq_eventfd = 1;
  if (options[APP_OPTIONS_TLS_ENGINE])
    app->tls_engine = options[APP_OPTIONS_TLS_ENGINE];
  props->segment_type = seg_type;

  /* Add app to lookup by api_client_index table */
  if (!application_is_builtin (app))
    application_api_table_add (app->app_index, a->api_client_index);
  else
    application_name_table_add (app);

  a->app_index = app->app_index;

  APP_DBG ("New app name: %v api index: %u index %u", app->name,
           app->api_client_index, app->app_index);

  return 0;
}

static void
application_free (application_t * app)
{
  app_worker_map_t *wrk_map;
  app_worker_t *app_wrk;

  /*
   * The app event queue allocated in first segment is cleared with
   * the segment manager. No need to explicitly free it.
   */
  APP_DBG ("Delete app name %v api index: %d index: %d", app->name,
           app->api_client_index, app->app_index);

  if (application_is_proxy (app))
    application_remove_proxy (app);

  /*
   * Free workers
   */

  /* *INDENT-OFF* */
  pool_flush (wrk_map, app->worker_maps, ({
    app_wrk = app_worker_get (wrk_map->wrk_index);
    app_worker_free (app_wrk);
  }));
  /* *INDENT-ON* */
  pool_free (app->worker_maps);

  /*
   * Cleanup remaining state
   */
  if (application_is_builtin (app))
    application_name_table_del (app);
  vec_free (app->name);
  vec_free (app->tls_cert);
  vec_free (app->tls_key);
  pool_put (app_main.app_pool, app);
}

static void
application_detach_process (application_t * app, u32 api_client_index)
{
  vnet_app_worker_add_del_args_t _args = { 0 }, *args = &_args;
  app_worker_map_t *wrk_map;
  u32 *wrks = 0, *wrk_index;
  app_worker_t *app_wrk;

  if (api_client_index == ~0)
    {
      application_free (app);
      return;
    }

  APP_DBG ("Detaching for app %v index %u api client index %u", app->name,
           app->app_index, app->api_client_index);

  /* *INDENT-OFF* */
  pool_foreach (wrk_map, app->worker_maps, ({
    app_wrk = app_worker_get (wrk_map->wrk_index);
    if (app_wrk->api_client_index == api_client_index)
      vec_add1 (wrks, app_wrk->wrk_index);
  }));
  /* *INDENT-ON* */

  if (!vec_len (wrks))
    {
      clib_warning ("no workers for app %u api_index %u", app->app_index,
                    api_client_index);
      return;
    }

  args->app_index = app->app_index;
  args->api_client_index = api_client_index;
  vec_foreach (wrk_index, wrks)
  {
    app_wrk = app_worker_get (wrk_index[0]);
    args->wrk_map_index = app_wrk->wrk_map_index;
    args->is_add = 0;
    vnet_app_worker_add_del (args);
  }
  vec_free (wrks);
}

app_worker_t *
application_get_worker (application_t * app, u32 wrk_map_index)
{
  app_worker_map_t *map;
  map = app_worker_map_get (app, wrk_map_index);
  if (!map)
    return 0;
  return app_worker_get (map->wrk_index);
}

app_worker_t *
application_get_default_worker (application_t * app)
{
  return application_get_worker (app, 0);
}

u32
application_n_workers (application_t * app)
{
  return pool_elts (app->worker_maps);
}

app_worker_t *
application_listener_select_worker (session_t * ls)
{
  application_t *app;
  app_listener_t *al;

  app = application_get (ls->app_index);
  al = app_listener_get (app, ls->al_index);
  return app_listener_select_worker (app, al);
}

int
application_alloc_worker_and_init (application_t * app, app_worker_t ** wrk)
{
  app_worker_map_t *wrk_map;
  app_worker_t *app_wrk;
  segment_manager_t *sm;
  int rv;

  app_wrk = app_worker_alloc (app);
  wrk_map = app_worker_map_alloc (app);
  wrk_map->wrk_index = app_wrk->wrk_index;
  app_wrk->wrk_map_index = app_worker_map_index (app, wrk_map);

  /*
   * Setup first segment manager
   */
  sm = segment_manager_new ();
  sm->app_wrk_index = app_wrk->wrk_index;

  if ((rv = segment_manager_init (sm, app->sm_properties.segment_size,
                                  app->sm_properties.prealloc_fifos)))
    {
      app_worker_free (app_wrk);
      return rv;
    }
  sm->first_is_protected = 1;

  /*
   * Setup app worker
   */
  app_wrk->first_segment_manager = segment_manager_index (sm);
  app_wrk->listeners_table = hash_create (0, sizeof (u64));
  app_wrk->event_queue = segment_manager_event_queue (sm);
  app_wrk->app_is_builtin = application_is_builtin (app);

  *wrk = app_wrk;

  return 0;
}

int
vnet_app_worker_add_del (vnet_app_worker_add_del_args_t * a)
{
  svm_fifo_segment_private_t *fs;
  app_worker_map_t *wrk_map;
  app_worker_t *app_wrk;
  segment_manager_t *sm;
  application_t *app;
  int rv;

  app = application_get (a->app_index);
  if (!app)
    return VNET_API_ERROR_INVALID_VALUE;

  if (a->is_add)
    {
      if ((rv = application_alloc_worker_and_init (app, &app_wrk)))
        return rv;

      /* Map worker api index to the app */
      app_wrk->api_client_index = a->api_client_index;
      application_api_table_add (app->app_index, a->api_client_index);

      sm = segment_manager_get (app_wrk->first_segment_manager);
      fs = segment_manager_get_segment_w_lock (sm, 0);
      a->segment = &fs->ssvm;
      a->segment_handle = segment_manager_segment_handle (sm, fs);
      segment_manager_segment_reader_unlock (sm);
      a->evt_q = app_wrk->event_queue;
      a->wrk_map_index = app_wrk->wrk_map_index;
    }
  else
    {
      wrk_map = app_worker_map_get (app, a->wrk_map_index);
      if (!wrk_map)
        return VNET_API_ERROR_INVALID_VALUE;

      app_wrk = app_worker_get (wrk_map->wrk_index);
      if (!app_wrk)
        return VNET_API_ERROR_INVALID_VALUE;

      application_api_table_del (app_wrk->api_client_index);
      app_worker_free (app_wrk);
      app_worker_map_free (app, wrk_map);
      if (application_n_workers (app) == 0)
        application_free (app);
    }
  return 0;
}

static int
app_validate_namespace (u8 * namespace_id, u64 secret, u32 * app_ns_index)
{
  app_namespace_t *app_ns;
  if (vec_len (namespace_id) == 0)
    {
      /* Use default namespace */
      *app_ns_index = 0;
      return 0;
    }

  *app_ns_index = app_namespace_index_from_id (namespace_id);
  if (*app_ns_index == APP_NAMESPACE_INVALID_INDEX)
    return VNET_API_ERROR_APP_INVALID_NS;
  app_ns = app_namespace_get (*app_ns_index);
  if (!app_ns)
    return VNET_API_ERROR_APP_INVALID_NS;
  if (app_ns->ns_secret != secret)
    return VNET_API_ERROR_APP_WRONG_NS_SECRET;
  return 0;
}

static u8 *
app_name_from_api_index (u32 api_client_index)
{
  vl_api_registration_t *regp;
  regp = vl_api_client_index_to_registration (api_client_index);
  if (regp)
    return format (0, "%s", regp->name);

  clib_warning ("api client index %u does not have an api registration!",
                api_client_index);
  return format (0, "unknown");
}

/**
 * Attach application to vpp
 *
 * Allocates a vpp app, i.e., a structure that keeps back pointers
 * to external app and a segment manager for shared memory fifo based
 * communication with the external app.
 */
int
vnet_application_attach (vnet_app_attach_args_t * a)
{
  svm_fifo_segment_private_t *fs;
  application_t *app = 0;
  app_worker_t *app_wrk;
  segment_manager_t *sm;
  u32 app_ns_index = 0;
  u8 *app_name = 0;
  u64 secret;
  int rv;

  if (a->api_client_index != APP_INVALID_INDEX)
    app = application_lookup (a->api_client_index);
  else if (a->name)
    app = application_lookup_name (a->name);
  else
    return VNET_API_ERROR_INVALID_VALUE;

  if (app)
    return VNET_API_ERROR_APP_ALREADY_ATTACHED;

  if (a->api_client_index != APP_INVALID_INDEX)
    {
      app_name = app_name_from_api_index (a->api_client_index);
      a->name = app_name;
    }

  secret = a->options[APP_OPTIONS_NAMESPACE_SECRET];
  if ((rv = app_validate_namespace (a->namespace_id, secret, &app_ns_index)))
    return rv;
  a->options[APP_OPTIONS_NAMESPACE] = app_ns_index;

  if ((rv = application_alloc_and_init ((app_init_args_t *) a)))
    return rv;

  app = application_get (a->app_index);
  if ((rv = application_alloc_worker_and_init (app, &app_wrk)))
    return rv;

  a->app_evt_q = app_wrk->event_queue;
  app_wrk->api_client_index = a->api_client_index;
  sm = segment_manager_get (app_wrk->first_segment_manager);
  fs = segment_manager_get_segment_w_lock (sm, 0);

  if (application_is_proxy (app))
    application_setup_proxy (app);

  ASSERT (vec_len (fs->ssvm.name) <= 128);
  a->segment = &fs->ssvm;
  a->segment_handle = segment_manager_segment_handle (sm, fs);

  segment_manager_segment_reader_unlock (sm);
  vec_free (app_name);
  return 0;
}

/**
 * Detach application from vpp
 */
int
vnet_application_detach (vnet_app_detach_args_t * a)
{
  application_t *app;

  app = application_get_if_valid (a->app_index);
  if (!app)
    {
      clib_warning ("app not attached");
      return VNET_API_ERROR_APPLICATION_NOT_ATTACHED;
    }

  app_interface_check_thread_and_barrier (vnet_application_detach, a);
  application_detach_process (app, a->api_client_index);
  return 0;
}


static u8
session_endpoint_in_ns (session_endpoint_t * sep)
{
  u8 is_lep = session_endpoint_is_local (sep);
  if (!is_lep && sep->sw_if_index != ENDPOINT_INVALID_INDEX
      && !ip_interface_has_address (sep->sw_if_index, &sep->ip, sep->is_ip4))
    {
      clib_warning ("sw_if_index %u not configured with ip %U",
                    sep->sw_if_index, format_ip46_address, &sep->ip,
                    sep->is_ip4);
      return 0;
    }
  return (is_lep || ip_is_local (sep->fib_index, &sep->ip, sep->is_ip4));
}

static void
session_endpoint_update_for_app (session_endpoint_cfg_t * sep,
                                 application_t * app, u8 is_connect)
{
  app_namespace_t *app_ns;
  u32 ns_index, fib_index;

  ns_index = app->ns_index;

  /* App is a transport proto, so fetch the calling app's ns */
  if (app->flags & APP_OPTIONS_FLAGS_IS_TRANSPORT_APP)
    ns_index = sep->ns_index;

  app_ns = app_namespace_get (ns_index);
  if (!app_ns)
    return;

  /* Ask transport and network to bind to/connect using local interface
   * that "supports" app's namespace. This will fix our local connection
   * endpoint.
   */

  /* If in default namespace and user requested a fib index use it */
  if (ns_index == 0 && sep->fib_index != ENDPOINT_INVALID_INDEX)
    fib_index = sep->fib_index;
  else
    fib_index = sep->is_ip4 ? app_ns->ip4_fib_index : app_ns->ip6_fib_index;
  sep->peer.fib_index = fib_index;
  sep->fib_index = fib_index;

  if (!is_connect)
    {
      sep->sw_if_index = app_ns->sw_if_index;
    }
  else
    {
      if (app_ns->sw_if_index != APP_NAMESPACE_INVALID_INDEX
          && sep->peer.sw_if_index != ENDPOINT_INVALID_INDEX
          && sep->peer.sw_if_index != app_ns->sw_if_index)
        clib_warning ("Local sw_if_index different from app ns sw_if_index");

      sep->peer.sw_if_index = app_ns->sw_if_index;
    }
}

int
vnet_listen (vnet_listen_args_t * a)
{
  app_listener_t *app_listener;
  app_worker_t *app_wrk;
  application_t *app;
  int rv;

  app = application_get_if_valid (a->app_index);
  if (!app)
    return VNET_API_ERROR_APPLICATION_NOT_ATTACHED;

  app_wrk = application_get_worker (app, a->wrk_map_index);
  if (!app_wrk)
    return VNET_API_ERROR_INVALID_VALUE;

  a->sep_ext.app_wrk_index = app_wrk->wrk_index;

  session_endpoint_update_for_app (&a->sep_ext, app, 0 /* is_connect */ );
  if (!session_endpoint_in_ns (&a->sep))
    return VNET_API_ERROR_INVALID_VALUE_2;

  /*
   * Check if we already have an app listener
   */
  app_listener = app_listener_lookup (app, &a->sep_ext);
  if (app_listener)
    {
      if (app_listener->app_index != app->app_index)
        return VNET_API_ERROR_ADDRESS_IN_USE;
      if (app_worker_start_listen (app_wrk, app_listener))
        return -1;
      a->handle = app_listener_handle (app_listener);
      return 0;
    }

  /*
   * Create new app listener
   */
  if ((rv = app_listener_alloc_and_init (app, &a->sep_ext, &app_listener)))
    return rv;

  if ((rv = app_worker_start_listen (app_wrk, app_listener)))
    {
      app_listener_cleanup (app_listener);
      return rv;
    }

  a->handle = app_listener_handle (app_listener);
  return 0;
}

int
vnet_connect (vnet_connect_args_t * a)
{
  app_worker_t *client_wrk;
  application_t *client;

  if (session_endpoint_is_zero (&a->sep))
    return VNET_API_ERROR_INVALID_VALUE;

  client = application_get (a->app_index);
  session_endpoint_update_for_app (&a->sep_ext, client, 1 /* is_connect */ );
  client_wrk = application_get_worker (client, a->wrk_map_index);

  /*
   * First check the local scope for locally attached destinations.
   * If we have local scope, we pass *all* connects through it since we may
   * have special policy rules even for non-local destinations, think proxy.
   */
  if (application_has_local_scope (client))
    {
      int rv;

      a->sep_ext.original_tp = a->sep_ext.transport_proto;
      a->sep_ext.transport_proto = TRANSPORT_PROTO_NONE;
      rv = app_worker_connect_session (client_wrk, &a->sep, a->api_context);
      if (rv <= 0)
        return rv;
    }
  /*
   * Not connecting to a local server, propagate to transport
   */
  if (app_worker_connect_session (client_wrk, &a->sep, a->api_context))
    return VNET_API_ERROR_SESSION_CONNECT;
  return 0;
}

int
vnet_unlisten (vnet_unlisten_args_t * a)
{
  app_worker_t *app_wrk;
  app_listener_t *al;
  application_t *app;

  if (!(app = application_get_if_valid (a->app_index)))
    return VNET_API_ERROR_APPLICATION_NOT_ATTACHED;

  if (!(al = app_listener_get_w_handle (a->handle)))
    return -1;

  if (al->app_index != app->app_index)
    {
      clib_warning ("app doesn't own handle %llu!", a->handle);
      return -1;
    }

  app_wrk = application_get_worker (app, a->wrk_map_index);
  if (!app_wrk)
    {
      clib_warning ("no app %u worker %u", app->app_index, a->wrk_map_index);
      return -1;
    }

  return app_worker_stop_listen (app_wrk, al);
}

int
vnet_disconnect_session (vnet_disconnect_args_t * a)
{
  app_worker_t *app_wrk;
  session_t *s;

  s = session_get_from_handle_if_valid (a->handle);
  if (!s)
    return VNET_API_ERROR_INVALID_VALUE;
  app_wrk = app_worker_get (s->app_wrk_index);
  if (app_wrk->app_index != a->app_index)
    return VNET_API_ERROR_INVALID_VALUE;

  /* We're peeking into another's thread pool. Make sure */
  ASSERT (s->session_index == session_index_from_handle (a->handle));

  session_close (s);
  return 0;
}

int
application_change_listener_owner (session_t * s, app_worker_t * app_wrk)
{
  app_worker_t *old_wrk = app_worker_get (s->app_wrk_index);
  app_listener_t *app_listener;
  application_t *app;

  if (!old_wrk)
    return -1;

  hash_unset (old_wrk->listeners_table, listen_session_get_handle (s));
  if (session_transport_service_type (s) == TRANSPORT_SERVICE_CL
      && s->rx_fifo)
    segment_manager_dealloc_fifos (s->rx_fifo, s->tx_fifo);

  app = application_get (old_wrk->app_index);
  if (!app)
    return -1;

  app_listener = app_listener_get (app, s->al_index);

  /* Only remove from lb for now */
  app_listener->workers = clib_bitmap_set (app_listener->workers,
                                           old_wrk->wrk_map_index, 0);

  if (app_worker_start_listen (app_wrk, app_listener))
    return -1;

  s->app_wrk_index = app_wrk->wrk_index;

  return 0;
}

int
application_is_proxy (application_t * app)
{
  return (app->flags & APP_OPTIONS_FLAGS_IS_PROXY);
}

int
application_is_builtin (application_t * app)
{
  return (app->flags & APP_OPTIONS_FLAGS_IS_BUILTIN);
}

int
application_is_builtin_proxy (application_t * app)
{
  return (application_is_proxy (app) && application_is_builtin (app));
}

u8
application_has_local_scope (application_t * app)
{
  return app->flags & APP_OPTIONS_FLAGS_USE_LOCAL_SCOPE;
}

u8
application_has_global_scope (application_t * app)
{
  return app->flags & APP_OPTIONS_FLAGS_USE_GLOBAL_SCOPE;
}

static clib_error_t *
application_start_stop_proxy_fib_proto (application_t * app, u8 fib_proto,
                                        u8 transport_proto, u8 is_start)
{
  app_namespace_t *app_ns = app_namespace_get (app->ns_index);
  u8 is_ip4 = (fib_proto == FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4);
  session_endpoint_cfg_t sep = SESSION_ENDPOINT_CFG_NULL;
  transport_connection_t *tc;
  app_worker_t *app_wrk;
  app_listener_t *al;
  session_t *s;
  u32 flags;

  /* TODO decide if we want proxy to be enabled for all workers */
  app_wrk = application_get_default_worker (app);
  if (is_start)
    {
      s = app_worker_first_listener (app_wrk, fib_proto, transport_proto);
      if (!s)
        {
          sep.is_ip4 = is_ip4;
          sep.fib_index = app_namespace_get_fib_index (app_ns, fib_proto);
          sep.sw_if_index = app_ns->sw_if_index;
          sep.transport_proto = transport_proto;
          sep.app_wrk_index = app_wrk->wrk_index;       /* only default */

          /* force global scope listener */
          flags = app->flags;
          app->flags &= ~APP_OPTIONS_FLAGS_USE_LOCAL_SCOPE;
          app_listener_alloc_and_init (app, &sep, &al);
          app->flags = flags;

          app_worker_start_listen (app_wrk, al);
          s = listen_session_get (al->session_index);
          s->flags |= SESSION_F_PROXY;
        }
    }
  else
    {
      s = app_worker_proxy_listener (app_wrk, fib_proto, transport_proto);
      ASSERT (s);
    }

  tc = listen_session_get_transport (s);

  if (!ip_is_zero (&tc->lcl_ip, 1))
    {
      u32 sti;
      sep.is_ip4 = is_ip4;
      sep.fib_index = app_namespace_get_fib_index (app_ns, fib_proto);
      sep.transport_proto = transport_proto;
      sep.port = 0;
      sti = session_lookup_get_index_for_fib (fib_proto, sep.fib_index);
      if (is_start)
        session_lookup_add_session_endpoint (sti,
                                             (session_endpoint_t *) & sep,
                                             s->session_index);
      else
        session_lookup_del_session_endpoint (sti,
                                             (session_endpoint_t *) & sep);
    }

  return 0;
}

static void
application_start_stop_proxy_local_scope (application_t * app,
                                          u8 transport_proto, u8 is_start)
{
  session_endpoint_t sep = SESSION_ENDPOINT_NULL;
  app_namespace_t *app_ns;
  app_ns = app_namespace_get (app->ns_index);
  sep.is_ip4 = 1;
  sep.transport_proto = transport_proto;
  sep.port = 0;

  if (is_start)
    {
      session_lookup_add_session_endpoint (app_ns->local_table_index, &sep,
                                           app->app_index);
      sep.is_ip4 = 0;
      session_lookup_add_session_endpoint (app_ns->local_table_index, &sep,
                                           app->app_index);
    }
  else
    {
      session_lookup_del_session_endpoint (app_ns->local_table_index, &sep);
      sep.is_ip4 = 0;
      session_lookup_del_session_endpoint (app_ns->local_table_index, &sep);
    }
}

void
application_start_stop_proxy (application_t * app,
                              transport_proto_t transport_proto, u8 is_start)
{
  if (application_has_local_scope (app))
    application_start_stop_proxy_local_scope (app, transport_proto, is_start);

  if (application_has_global_scope (app))
    {
      application_start_stop_proxy_fib_proto (app, FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
                                              transport_proto, is_start);
      application_start_stop_proxy_fib_proto (app, FIB_PROTOCOL_IP6,
                                              transport_proto, is_start);
    }
}

void
application_setup_proxy (application_t * app)
{
  u16 transports = app->proxied_transports;
  transport_proto_t tp;

  ASSERT (application_is_proxy (app));

  /* *INDENT-OFF* */
  transport_proto_foreach (tp, ({
    if (transports & (1 << tp))
      application_start_stop_proxy (app, tp, 1);
  }));
  /* *INDENT-ON* */
}

void
application_remove_proxy (application_t * app)
{
  u16 transports = app->proxied_transports;
  transport_proto_t tp;

  ASSERT (application_is_proxy (app));

  /* *INDENT-OFF* */
  transport_proto_foreach (tp, ({
    if (transports & (1 << tp))
      application_start_stop_proxy (app, tp, 0);
  }));
  /* *INDENT-ON* */
}

segment_manager_properties_t *
application_segment_manager_properties (application_t * app)
{
  return &app->sm_properties;
}

segment_manager_properties_t *
application_get_segment_manager_properties (u32 app_index)
{
  application_t *app = application_get (app_index);
  return &app->sm_properties;
}

clib_error_t *
vnet_app_add_tls_cert (vnet_app_add_tls_cert_args_t * a)
{
  application_t *app;
  app = application_get (a->app_index);
  if (!app)
    return clib_error_return_code (0, VNET_API_ERROR_APPLICATION_NOT_ATTACHED,
                                   0, "app %u doesn't exist", a->app_index);
  app->tls_cert = vec_dup (a->cert);
  return 0;
}

clib_error_t *
vnet_app_add_tls_key (vnet_app_add_tls_key_args_t * a)
{
  application_t *app;
  app = application_get (a->app_index);
  if (!app)
    return clib_error_return_code (0, VNET_API_ERROR_APPLICATION_NOT_ATTACHED,
                                   0, "app %u doesn't exist", a->app_index);
  app->tls_key = vec_dup (a->key);
  return 0;
}

static void
application_format_listeners (application_t * app, int verbose)
{
  vlib_main_t *vm = vlib_get_main ();
  app_worker_map_t *wrk_map;
  app_worker_t *app_wrk;
  u32 sm_index;
  u64 handle;

  if (!app)
    {
      vlib_cli_output (vm, "%U", format_app_worker_listener, 0 /* header */ ,
                       0, 0, verbose);
      return;
    }

  /* *INDENT-OFF* */
  pool_foreach (wrk_map, app->worker_maps, ({
    app_wrk = app_worker_get (wrk_map->wrk_index);
    if (hash_elts (app_wrk->listeners_table) == 0)
      continue;
    hash_foreach (handle, sm_index, app_wrk->listeners_table, ({
      vlib_cli_output (vm, "%U", format_app_worker_listener, app_wrk,
                       handle, sm_index, verbose);
    }));
  }));
  /* *INDENT-ON* */
}

static void
application_format_connects (application_t * app, int verbose)
{
  app_worker_map_t *wrk_map;
  app_worker_t *app_wrk;

  if (!app)
    {
      app_worker_format_connects (0, verbose);
      return;
    }

  /* *INDENT-OFF* */
  pool_foreach (wrk_map, app->worker_maps, ({
    app_wrk = app_worker_get (wrk_map->wrk_index);
    app_worker_format_connects (app_wrk, verbose);
  }));
  /* *INDENT-ON* */
}

u8 *
format_application (u8 * s, va_list * args)
{
  application_t *app = va_arg (*args, application_t *);
  CLIB_UNUSED (int verbose) = va_arg (*args, int);
  segment_manager_properties_t *props;
  const u8 *app_ns_name, *app_name;
  app_worker_map_t *wrk_map;
  app_worker_t *app_wrk;

  if (app == 0)
    {
      if (!verbose)
        s = format (s, "%-10s%-20s%-40s", "Index", "Name", "Namespace");
      return s;
    }

  app_name = app_get_name (app);
  app_ns_name = app_namespace_id_from_index (app->ns_index);
  props = application_segment_manager_properties (app);
  if (!verbose)
    {
      s = format (s, "%-10u%-20v%-40s", app->app_index, app_name,
                  app_ns_name);
      return s;
    }

  s = format (s, "app-name %v app-index %u ns-index %u seg-size %U\n",
              app_name, app->app_index, app->ns_index,
              format_memory_size, props->add_segment_size);
  s = format (s, "rx-fifo-size %U tx-fifo-size %U workers:\n",
              format_memory_size, props->rx_fifo_size,
              format_memory_size, props->tx_fifo_size);

  /* *INDENT-OFF* */
  pool_foreach (wrk_map, app->worker_maps, ({
      app_wrk = app_worker_get (wrk_map->wrk_index);
      s = format (s, "%U", format_app_worker, app_wrk);
  }));
  /* *INDENT-ON* */

  return s;
}

void
application_format_all_listeners (vlib_main_t * vm, int verbose)
{
  application_t *app;

  if (!pool_elts (app_main.app_pool))
    {
      vlib_cli_output (vm, "No active server bindings");
      return;
    }

  application_format_listeners (0, verbose);

  /* *INDENT-OFF* */
  pool_foreach (app, app_main.app_pool, ({
    application_format_listeners (app, verbose);
  }));
  /* *INDENT-ON* */
}

void
application_format_all_clients (vlib_main_t * vm, int verbose)
{
  application_t *app;

  if (!pool_elts (app_main.app_pool))
    {
      vlib_cli_output (vm, "No active apps");
      return;
    }

  application_format_connects (0, verbose);

  /* *INDENT-OFF* */
  pool_foreach (app, app_main.app_pool, ({
    application_format_connects (app, verbose);
  }));
  /* *INDENT-ON* */
}

static clib_error_t *
show_app_command_fn (vlib_main_t * vm, unformat_input_t * input,
                     vlib_cli_command_t * cmd)
{
  int do_server = 0, do_client = 0;
  application_t *app;
  u32 app_index = ~0;
  int verbose = 0;

  session_cli_return_if_not_enabled ();

  while (unformat_check_input (input) != UNFORMAT_END_OF_INPUT)
    {
      if (unformat (input, "server"))
        do_server = 1;
      else if (unformat (input, "client"))
        do_client = 1;
      else if (unformat (input, "%u", &app_index))
        ;
      else if (unformat (input, "verbose"))
        verbose = 1;
      else
        return clib_error_return (0, "unknown input `%U'",
                                  format_unformat_error, input);
    }

  if (do_server)
    {
      application_format_all_listeners (vm, verbose);
      return 0;
    }

  if (do_client)
    {
      application_format_all_clients (vm, verbose);
      return 0;
    }

  if (app_index != ~0)
    {
      app = application_get_if_valid (app_index);
      if (!app)
        return clib_error_return (0, "No app with index %u", app_index);

      vlib_cli_output (vm, "%U", format_application, app, /* verbose */ 1);
      return 0;
    }

  /* Print app related info */
  if (!do_server && !do_client)
    {
      vlib_cli_output (vm, "%U", format_application, 0, 0);
      /* *INDENT-OFF* */
      pool_foreach (app, app_main.app_pool, ({
        vlib_cli_output (vm, "%U", format_application, app, 0);
      }));
      /* *INDENT-ON* */
    }

  return 0;
}

/* *INDENT-OFF* */
VLIB_CLI_COMMAND (show_app_command, static) =
{
  .path = "show app",
  .short_help = "show app [server|client] [verbose]",
  .function = show_app_command_fn,
};
/* *INDENT-ON* */

/*
 * fd.io coding-style-patch-verification: ON
 *
 * Local Variables:
 * eval: (c-set-style "gnu")
 * End:
 */